The town (officially called Kota Juang District) covers an area of 16.91 km2, and it had a population of 44,604 at the 2010 Census[1] and 47,670 at the 2020 Census;[2] the official mid-2022 population estimate was 47,983.
[3] Bireuën was once the capital of the Republic of Indonesia in its war of independence.
[citation needed] Bireuën is located in the province of Aceh, a semi-autonomous region in the northern half of Sumatra island.
Its location is surrounded by hills which makes it easy to defend.
[citation needed] Bireuen has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with moderate rainfall from February to September and heavy rainfall from October to January.