Originally established on 12 May 1559, on territories split off from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Cologne (Keulen, now in Germany) and Diocese of Liège (Luik, now in Belgium).

During the Napoleonic era, on 1801.07.15 it lost territory to establish the Apostolic Vicariate of Grave–Nijmegen, on 1801.11.29 the diocese was suppressed, its territory being divided between the above vicariate and to establish the (German) Diocese of Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle).

In the second half of the twentieth century a rapid secularization and strong loss of religious affiliation have taken place in Limburg.

Roughly 3 percent of the population in the Diocese Roermond attends Mass on Sundays[1] (as per official Church (KASKI) data).

The Roermond diocese is one of the two in the Netherlands that is in a majority-Catholic region, as per the most recent KASKI data.