Particularly notable early bishops of Vác include: John de Surdis (1363–73), ambassador of King Louis I to Italy in 1369, later on Archbishop of Esztergom; Vincent Szilassy (1450–73), a member of the embassy which brought the newly elected King Matthias Corvinus from Prague to Vác; Wladislaw Szalkai (1514–23), chancellor of King Louis II and afterwards Archbishop of Esztergom; Martinus Pethe (1582–86), transferred to Kalocsa.

Later important bishops include Sigismund Kolonits (1709–16), transferred to Vienna, and first Archbishop of Vienna; Count Michael Friedrich von Althann (1718–34), sent as viceroy to Sicily by Emperor Charles VI, and afterwards cardinal; Count Christopher Migazzi, cardinal and Archbishop of Vienna, twice Bishop of Vác (1756–57); 1762–82); Augustinus Roskoványi (1851–59), an eminent theological writer, transferred to Nyitra in 1859.

Roskoványi was succeeded by Anthony Peitler, 1859–85, who founded the library at Vác.

In 1514, when the Ottoman Turks conquered Vác, the cathedral chapter ceased to exist, but was re-established in 1700.

In the early 20th century, the diocese included parts of the counties of Nógrád, Pest, Csongrád and Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, divided into three archdeaconries and nineteen vice-archdeaconries.