Spawls and Branch (1995) reported an average yield of 85 mg of wet venom,[6] while Christensen (1971) offered an LD50 value of 1.2 mg/kg IV.

[9] Other research has found the LD50[ambiguous] to be between 0.15 and 0.22 mg/kg [10] Based on this LD50 value, Spawls and Branch (1995) estimated about 300 mg of this venom would be required to kill an adult.

On the other hand, an older report by the U.S. Navy (1965, 1991) suggested it is highly toxic and a number of deaths have occurred as a result.

[8][11] According to Broadley and Cock (1975), envenomation symptoms in humans include swelling, severe pain, nausea, vomiting and shock.

[7] The National Antivenom and Vaccine Production Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, produces a polyvalent antivenin that includes a paraspecific antibody that protects against bites from this species.