The black-striped woodcreeper (Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus) is a species of bird in the subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae.

[2] The black-striped woodcreeper has three subspecies, the nominate X. l. lachrymosus (Lawrence, 1862), X. l. eximius (Hellmayr, 1904), and X. l. alarum (Chapman, 1915).

It is a medium-sized member of genus Xiphorhynchus, with a longish, nearly straight, bill with a slight droop at the tip.

Juveniles are similar to adults with a more muted pattern; the black feather edges are browner, their throat has heavier scaling, their underparts are whiter, and their bill is shorter.

X. l. alarum has smaller buffy spots on the back than the nominate, with narrow black and wider dark brown edges.

Subspecies X. l. eximius is found on the Pacific slope of southwestern Costa Rica and western Panama.

X. l. alarum is found in Colombia, from the valleys of the Sinú, Cauca, and Magdalena rivers east into Santander Department.

Most prey is taken by probing bark crevices, vine tangles, dead leaf clusters, bromeliads, and epiphytes.

It regularly follows army ant swarms, staying fairly low and usually capturing prey directly from leaves, trunks, and vines and seldom if ever from the ground.

Its calls include " descending whistles with laughing quality, described as 'wheep-weep-whup', 'weé-hir-hir' or 'weé, ha-há'; also a loud emphatic 'doweeet' or 'choo-reep' with upward inflection, a descending 'cheer' or 'chirrrw' with rolling quality and, when agitated, a rapid series of sharp notes that rise and fall in frequency and speed, and vary from clear whistled 'weet' to harsh 'wik'.