He was selected in the third round, 75th overall, by the New Jersey Devils during the 2011 NHL Entry Draft and spent five seasons with them before being traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning.

[6] Growing up in Texas, Coleman often played with children above his age group and was forced to practice in the early morning due to limited ice time.

[6] As such, he played two seasons with the Dallas Stars Elite Hockey Club, helping them finish fifth and second respectively at the national midget major tournament.

[14] Although he had not been invited to the NHL Combine, a few members of the Devils organization developed physical assessment tests for Coleman to complete which included jumps and cardio.

Coleman and fellow freshman Tyler Biggs and Jimmy Mullin began to pick up scoring through the month and slowly the RedHawks improved to .500 in overall and league play.

[19] The trio continued to improve offensively and Coleman eventually tied for 11th among rookies in the CCHA with 12 points by late January.

At the same time, the RedHawks' seven freshman players, Biggs, Austin Czarnik, Coleman, Mullin, and Alex Wideman, also combined for 28 goals on the year and 67 points.

[3] As the RedHawks qualified for the 2013 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament, Coleman helped the team advance past Michigan State in three games to move into the CCHA semifinal round for the fourth straight year.

[3] Coleman, Riley Barber, and Czarnik led the team in goals and points at the beginning of the season while the RedHawks maintained a losing 7–6–1 record.

[28] During this time, he netted a hat trick in a 6–2 win over North Dakota on October 19[29] and dished out a career-high three assists against Canisius on November 2.

[34] During the NCHC Frozen Faceoff championship game, Coleman recorded his first career hat trick in Miami's 3–2 win over St.

[40] After completing his college career and graduating from Miami University, Coleman signed a two-year entry-level contract with the New Jersey Devils.

[51] As a surprise addition to the Devils' 2017–18 opening night roster,[52] Coleman began the season on the fourth line alongside Brian Gibbons and Stefan Noesen.

[56] As the season winded down, Coleman found a role on the Devils' shutdown defensive line alongside Travis Zajac and Stefan Noesen.

[57] As the Devils qualified for the 2018 Stanley Cup playoffs, Coleman made his post-season debut on April 12, 2018, for their first round series against the Tampa Bay Lightning.

After originally filing for salary arbitration, Coleman signed a three-year, $5.4 million contract to remain with the Devils on July 17, 2018.

[57] In the first year of his new contract, Coleman continued to improve on his previous season's success and set new career highs in goals, assists, and points.

[65] He subsequently missed four games before returning to their lineup on February 19, where he played alongside wingers Kenny Agostino and Joey Anderson in their loss to the Pittsburgh Penguins.

Coach John Hynes explained the reasoning behind the combination as wanting a mixture of young and experienced players on each line.

[73] On February 16, 2020, Coleman was traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning in exchange for Nolan Foote and a conditional first-round pick.

[75] Upon joining the Lightning, Coleman made his debut on February 20 on the third line alongside Mitchell Stephens and Yanni Gourde.

[78] Once the NHL resumed play, Coleman returned to Tampa and participated in their training camp ahead of the 2020 Stanley Cup playoffs.

[81] As Coleman remained with Goodrow and Gourde for their First Round matchup against the Columbus Blue Jackets, they were compared to the Lightnings Triplets Line that drove the offence for the team during the 2015 Stanley Cup playoffs.

Following their win, Coleman was considered an underrated top performer who was instrumental in helping the team advance to the Eastern Conference Final.

[88] Various hockey pundits at the NHL Network suggested that the Lightning would win the Cup in part because of Coleman's grit and tenacity.

[89] After defeating the New York Islanders in size games, Coleman and the Lightning faced off against the Dallas Stars in the 2020 Stanley Cup Finals.

[102] On July 28, 2021, as a free agent, Coleman left the Lightning and signed a six-year, $29.4 million contract with the Calgary Flames.

[106] Upon rejoining the lineup, Coleman was placed on a line with Mikael Backlund and Tyler Pitlick[107] but the latter was replaced with Andrew Mangiapane in late November.

[108] However, while experiencing a 16-game goal drought, Coleman was moved to the Flames' third line with Sean Monahan and Trevor Lewis in early December.

[113] In 2018, Coleman launched the Pickles Pals program, a community platform to support the Salvation Army Boys and Girls Club of Newark Ironbound.