In 1830, an act from the state General Assembly changed the name of the town from "Minehead" to "Bloomfield.

"[4] The construction of Nulhegan Mill in 1849 created jobs and grew the town's population.

[5] Bloomfield is in northeastern Essex County, along the Connecticut River, which forms the state line with New Hampshire.

The settlement of Bloomfield is in the southern corner of the town, at the mouth of the Nulhegan River in the Connecticut, and connected by bridge to the village of North Stratford, New Hampshire.

It was located at the southeast edge of town, near Lyman Falls along the Connecticut River.

The racial makeup of the town was 95.40% White, 1.53% Native American, 0.38% Asian, and 2.68% from two or more races.