Body modification

[1] In its broadest definition it includes skin tattooing, socially acceptable decoration (e.g., common ear piercing in many societies), and religious rites of passage (e.g., circumcision in a number of cultures), as well as the modern primitive movement.

Body modification is performed for a large variety of reasons, including aesthetics, sexual enhancement, rites of passage, religious beliefs, to display group membership or affiliation, in remembrance of lived experience, traditional symbolism such as axis mundi and mythology, to create body art, for shock value, and as self-expression, among other reasons.

[3] Biohacking, also referred to as "bodyhacking," represents a subculture of individuals experimenting with the integration of technology and biology to enhance human capabilities.

This movement, pioneered by figures like Kevin Warwick, involves practices ranging from inserting magnetic implants for sensory augmentation to developing DIY bionic prosthetics.

While some advances, such as brain-connected prosthetic limbs and sensory vests for the deaf, push the boundaries of art and medicine, biohacking remains a controversial field due to ethical concerns and health risks.