[1] Outcry from minority tribes in Botswana such as the Wayeyi pushed President Festus Mogae to create the Balopi Commission on 28 July 2000 to investigate tribal discrimination.
The commission found that the structure of the House of Chiefs of Botswana, later renamed Ntlo ya Dikgosi, "tended to be discriminatory".
The act has been criticised by tribal leaders because of the limitations on the powers of a kgosi.
[4] In 2010, Kgosi Kgafela II of the Kgatla tribe was accused of flogging, but he argued that dikgosi have immunity to the state's jurisdiction.
"[5][6] To avoid the legal costs of the case, Kgafela moved to Moruleng, South Africa.