In 1177, the authoritarian government of Mieszko III began The Rebellion of The Kraków Nobility and called upon his brother, Casimir II the Just to take the title of High Duke.

Another important year in Bolesław could be 1191, when his father, using the absence of Casimir II the Just (who was involved in the Kievan Rus' succession disputes), seized and conquer Kraków.

Bolesław's rule as governor in Kraków wasn't too long, because soon Casimir II the Just would recover his authority over the capital and imprison his nephew.

Mieszko III saw his brother's death as a new opportunity to regain the supreme power, however, this time the local nobility stood at the side of Casimir II's sons.

Mieszko III's Greater Poland and Kuyavian troops and the Lesser Poland's troops (who fight on behalf of Leszek and Konrad), led by the voivode Mikołaj Gryfita, faced in the bloody Battle of Mozgawa (13 September 1195); Bolesław was among the casualties.