He succeeded his father Boniface I, Margrave of Tuscany in Lucca—in what was an early example of hereditary succession—and extended his power over the region.
During his tenure, the bishops of Lucca gradually lost control of the municipal government, which fell to the counts.
In February 825, at Marengo, the Emperor Lothair I emanated a Capitulare de expeditione corsicana for the defence of the island.
In 833, Boniface backed Louis the Pious against his son Lothair, who promptly dispossessed him and put Aganus in his place.
In 834, he joined with Ratald, Bishop of Verona, and Pepin I, Count of Vermandois, to free the Empress Judith of Bavaria from her convent-prison.