In 2018, two firms in Spain ranked among the world's biggest publishers of books in terms of revenue: Grupo Planeta and Grupo Santillana.
[4] "The first Spanish press was set up in 1473 at Valencia, where the German trading company of Ravensburg had an important base.... Publishing flourished in the early period at Barcelona, Burgos, Zaragoza, Seville, and the university towns of Salamanca and Alcalá de Henares.
"[5] The Instituto Nacional del Libro Español (National Book Institute) formed in 1941.
[6] As of 2004 Spain had some 2,000+ book publishers in the private sector, including Prensa Española [es], and Prisa.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization designated Madrid the 2001 World Book Capital.