Tagbilaran City is politically subdivided into 15 barangays.
[1] The city is part of the 1st legislative district of the Province of Bohol.
As of 2015, 12 barangays are classified as urban barangays where 93,011 (88.54%) of Tagbilaran City's population lives, while the remaining 3 rural barangays are home to 12,040 residents, representing 11.46% of the total population.
[2] Cogon is the most populous barangay in the city with a population of 17,750 while Cabawan is the least populous barangay with only 1,734 residents.
Bool recorded a 17.45% increase in population, the highest in the city while Poblacion III decreased 2.94% in terms of population.