BARAIL Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the southern part of Assam, India, in the Cachar district, and lies between 24°55΄53΄΄-25°05΄52΄΄ N latitude and 92°27΄40΄΄-93°04΄30΄΄ E longitude.
[1] The annual average rainfall and temperature range from 2500–4000 mm and 9.2 °C to 36.2 °C respectively; the humidity varies from 62% to 83%.
[2][3] Fieldworks in the Barail area were proposed as a national park or sanctuary in the 1980s.
Mammals found in Barail Sanctuary include slow loris, hoolock gibbon, capped langur, Assamese macaque, pig-tailed macaque, stump-tailed macaque, rhesus monkey, Himalayan black bear, Malayan sun bear, leopard cat, jungle cat, golden cat, clouded leopard, barking deer, red serow and wild pig.
[9] Besides the above, the sanctuary also harbors a high diversity of floral wealth, e.g., Ornithochilus cacharensis, an epiphytic orchid species, Larsenianthus assamensis a terrestrial zingiber species; Diospyros cacharensis, a small deciduous tree belonging to the family Ebenaceae; and Alseodaphne keenanii a large tree belonging to the family Lauraceae, were described for the first time for this sanctuary, and all are endemic to north-east India.