Boris Nikolayevich Melnikov (Russian: Борис Николаевич Мельников; 2 January 1896 – 29 July 1938) was a Soviet intelligence officer and diplomat.

In July 1918 Melnikov was taken prisoner by the Japanese, in December 1918 he regained his freedom, emigrated to China, was arrested and released in 1920.

From August to September 1921 a soldier of the Amur Infantry Division, from September 21 to December 18, 1921, commander of the troops of the Seaside Military District, and from December 18, 1921, to May 2, 1922, a member of the Military-Revolutionary Council of the Eastern Front of the Far Eastern Republic and at the same time chairman of the Seaside Regional Committee of the RCP (b).

[1] From October 1936 to May 1937 Melnikov was the head of the International Liaison Department of the Comintern Executive Committee and served under the pseudonym Boris Muller.

[1] On April 28, 1937, the NKVD head Nikolai Yezhov sent a special message to Joseph Stalin about B. N. Melnikov calling for his arrest.