7 April] 1886 in Kukarka; died 21 March 1963 in Leningrad) was a Russian botanist and from 1943 corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.

From 1930 he worked in the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (from 1938 to 1949 as director) and from 1945 to 1958 also as professor at Leningrad University.

Shishkin's herbarium included more than thirty thousand samples, the majority of which are held in Tomsk.

He was an honorary member of the Société Botanique de France and Botanical Society of Washington.

The plant genera Schischkinia Iljin (Compositae) and Schischkinella Steenis (synonym of Gastrocalyx; Caryophyllaceae) were named in his honour.