Borisoglebsk (Russian: Борисогле́бск) is a town in Voronezh Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vorona River near its confluence with the Khopyor.

Barges transported good such as grain, timber, kerosene, fish, eggs, watermelon from the region to large cities in western and central Russia connected to Borisoglebsk by waterways such as St. Petersburg, Moscow, Rostov, Taganrog, and Tsaritsyn.

According to the 1885 census, the population of Borisoglebsk featured 13,007 inhabitants (6,325 males and 6,682 females), almost exclusively Russian Orthodox.

After the Bolsheviks came to power in Borisoglebsk in 1918, one of the first concentration camps in Russia for "alien and petty-bourgeois elements" was organized in the town.

In December 1922, the 2nd Military School Red Air Force pilots Borisoglebsk was created which became later, the renowned Borisoglebsk Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots "Order of the Red Banner" "Lenin" "Chkalov".