Borough Park, Brooklyn
The neighborhood is bordered by Bensonhurst to the south, Dyker Heights to the southwest, Sunset Park to the west, Kensington and Green-Wood Cemetery to the northeast, Flatbush to the east, and Mapleton to the southeast.
[6] With Orthodox and Haredi families having an average of 6.72 children, Boro Park is experiencing a sharp growth in population.
During the late 1920s and early 1930s, many Yemenite Jews emigrated from both Yemen and Palestine, creating their own small enclave in Borough Park.
In 1987, two of the most popular stores debuted: Eichler's Judaica bookstore, and Kosher Castle Dairy Cafeteria.
[21]: 108–109 At the end of the 1990s, businesses began selling electronics and Jewish books, music, and videos to overseas customers via the Internet.
The closest Brooklyn neighborhood in terms of population growth was Williamsburg, home to many Satmar Hasidim, which reported 3,839 births.
[25] The size of many Hasidic families often requires larger homes, and this has fueled construction and renovation projects across the neighborhood.
A 1998 article in The New York Times stated that, "Since 1990, the Building Department has issued more permits for private construction projects — new homes and additions — in the Borough Park area than in any other residential neighborhood in Brooklyn.
"[19] These construction projects were aided with a new law passed in 1992, which established Borough Park as a special zoning district where residents could build on 65% of their lot, thus reducing the size of setbacks and backyards.
[19] Thirteenth Avenue, a commercial strip roughly one mile in length from 39th to 55th Streets, features storefronts supplying Jewish households.
Many Hasidic Jews shop at these stores, coming from all parts of the city, other states, and even other countries to buy kosher items.
[26] Based on data from the 2010 United States census, the population of Borough Park was 106,357, an increase of 5,302 (5.2%) from the 101,055 counted in 2000.
[30] In 2018, an estimated 28% of Community District 12 residents lived in poverty, compared to 21% in all of Brooklyn and 20% in all of New York City.
[27]: 14 The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, in Community District 12 is 0.0075 milligrams per cubic metre (7.5×10−9 oz/cu ft), lower than the citywide and boroughwide averages.
It includes a large outpatient clinics program, and is a major teaching hospital in the state of New York.
The Boyan, Belz, Ger, Satmar, Karlin-Stolin, Vizhnitz, Munkacz, Spinka, Klausenburg, Skver, and Puppa communities also reside here, among others.
[49] During much of the early 1900s, the Jewish population in Borough Park, and Brooklyn as a whole, was part of a much more liberal-leaning voting block.
As a result, the overwhelming majority of the Hasidic population in Borough Park and Brooklyn introduced a more traditional Jewish religious lifestyle.
Culturally and religiously, the Jewish population of the neighborhood is considered one of the most Orthodox in the world, as "[m]any families do not own televisions or attend movies.
Adolescent girls do not leave the house without making certain that their knees and elbows are covered, and at weddings and funerals alike, women and men sit separately, to avoid physical contact, as required by religious law.
"[51] Additionally, stores in Borough Park sell or prepare only kosher food made under rabbinical supervision.
There was a large controversy surrounding the erection of an eruv in Borough Park, because of differing interpretations of the application of Jewish law.
Borough Park is home to the headquarters of Hasidic Judaism's large Bobov community (including Bobov-45) numbering an estimated several thousand families.
[53] It is characterized by extreme religious rigidity, complete rejection of modern culture, and fierce anti-Zionism.
[55] Borough Park generally has a lower ratio of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018[update].
[56] Borough Park's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is lower than the rest of New York City.
[59] In fact, virtually all the large population of school-children born into the neighborhood's Hasidic families attend local yeshivas for boys and Bais Yaakov-type schools for girls.
[60] The Hasidic community was not pleased by the prospect of a new public school because it would bring "a bad element" (a supposed euphemism for immodestly attired girls), and protested the decision.
[61][62] The Brooklyn Public Library (BPL)'s Borough Park branch is located at 1265 43rd Street near 13th Avenue.
The IND Culver Line, serving the F and
