[1] The species is known from a million year old skull fossil found at the archaeological site of Buya, Eritrea in 2003.

[6] Its cranium contained pneumatic elements on its frontal side which extended to cover the occipital and parietal areas.

This fossil contained a nearly complete neurocranium with persevered occipital and parietal bones, as well as intact horns.

[6][18][19] Examples of this species found in areas such as Gesher Benot Ya'aqov may indicate that it evolved in Africa, and then spread out northwards.

[14][26] The fossil record also showcases the presence of bulls in Eurasia prior to the date of the Bos buiaensis.

[12] Which demonstrates that bulls were already present in that area in the world, and could not evolved from migrating Bos buiaensis.