Bouguer is a lunar impact crater that lies along the southern edge of the Mare Frigoris, to the north of the crater Bianchini.

To the west-southwest of Bouguer, along the same shore of the mare, is the crater Foucault.

The formation is relatively circular, but there are slight outward bulges to the east, north-northwest, and southwest.

The interior floor occupies about half the crater diameter, and is relatively level and featureless.

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Bouguer.