It is endemic to Alabama and Tennessee in the United States, where it occurs in the Elk River system and Shoal Creek.

[5][6] It is found in small rivers and fast-flowing streams, at least 2 ft (0.6 m) deep, with boulders or a rocky base.

The population trend of this fish is unknown but it is affected by a rise in siltation and the impoundment of water within its range by the building of dams.

Its range in the Elk River extends from Fayetteville to just above the Wheeler Reservoir and half a mile below the Alabama State Highway 127 bridge.

Releases of cold water from Tims Ford Reservoir likely explain its disappearance from the upper Elk River in Lincoln County, Tennessee.