Birkat Hamazon

It is a matter of rabbinic dispute whether Birkat Hamazon must be said after eating certain other bread-like foods such as pizza.

[6] Except in teaching situations, Birkat Hamazon is typically read individually after ordinary meals.

The blessing can be found in almost all siddurs and is often printed in a variety of artistic styles in a small booklet called a birchon (or birkon, בִּרְכּוׂן‎) in Hebrew or bencher (or bentscher) in Yiddish.

[12] After these four blessings, there is a series of short prayers, each beginning with the word Harachaman (the Merciful One), which ask for God's compassion.

In particular, the Italian version preserves the ancient practice of commencing the third blessing with Nachamenu on Shabbat, and concluding "Menachem ami Yisrael be-vinyan Yerushalayim.

If one forgets al ha-Nissim, one does not repeat Birkat Hamazon, although one recites a special Harachaman toward the very end, followed by the paragraph Bimei, which describes the respective holidays.

When birkat hamazon takes place at the Sheva Brachot (seven blessings) following a traditional Jewish marriage, in Ashkenazic communities special opening lines reflecting the joy of the occasion are added to the zimmun (invitation to grace) beginning with Devai Haser; in all communities Sheha-Simchah bi-m'ono is added.

Furthermore, according to Talmudic law, Sheha-Simchah bi-m'ono (and presumably Devai Haser) can be recited for up to thirty days, or even a year if the meal was made specifically in honor of the couple; nevertheless, this is not practiced today.

[21] At birkat hamazon concluding the celebratory meal of a brit milah (ritual circumcision), in the Eastern Ashkenazic rite, additional introductory lines, known as Nodeh Leshimcha, are added at the beginning and special ha-Rachaman prayers are inserted.

[22] When birkat hamazon takes place in a shiva house, the ordinary call to prayer is replaced with "Let us bless the Comforter of Mourners, of whose food we have eaten," and congregants respond with "Blessed be the Comforter of Mourners, of whose food we have eaten, and by whose produce do we live.

According to Halakha when a minimum of three adult Jewish males eat bread as part of a meal together they are obligated to form a mezuman (a "prepared gathering") with the addition of a few extra opening words whereby one man "invites" the others to join him in birkat hamazon.

When those present at the meal form a minyan (a quorum of ten adult Jewish men) there are further additions to the invitation.

[32] The practice of a cup of blessing is mentioned in the Talmud, and technically it can be done anytime Birkat Hamazon is recited, even by an individual.

Bentschers (/ˈbɛntʃər/; or benchers, birkhonim, birkhon, birchon, birchonim) are small Birkat Hamazon booklets usually handed out at bar and bat mitzvahs, weddings and other celebratory events.

In the early modern era (1563-1780), Birkat Hamazon was used the title for a book that included a wider variety of prayers that are not part of the daily prayer routine, such as the wedding ceremony and eruv tavshilin, in addition to Birkat Hamazon and kiddush and zemirot.

[35] The Talmud relates that at the time of the Resurrection of the Dead, a special feast will take place.

The start of the blessing, in a siddur from the city of Fürth, 1738
The start of the blessing, in a siddur from the city of Fürth , 1738