It is the continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower margin of teres major muscle.

It continues down the ventral surface of the arm until it reaches the cubital fossa at the elbow.

[1][2] In some individuals, the bifurcation occurs much earlier and the ulnar and radial arteries extend through the upper arm.

The pulse of the brachial artery is palpable on the anterior aspect of the elbow, medial to the tendon of the biceps, and, with the use of a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff), often used to measure the blood pressure.

[3] Distally, the median nerve crosses the medial side of the brachial artery and lies anterior to the elbow joint.