Brambling

In 1758 Linnaeus included the species in the 10th edition of his Systema Naturae under its current binomial name, Fringilla montifringilla.

Breeding-plumaged male bramblings are very distinctive, with a black head, dark upperparts, orange breast and white belly.

[9] Measurements: This bird is widespread, in the breeding season, throughout the forests of northern Europe and east across the Palearctic.

[1] It frequently strays into Alaska during migration and there are scattered records across the northern United States and southern Canada.

It is built by the female and consists of an outer layer which may contain lichen, grass, heather, cobwebs and strips of bark from birch or juniper trees.

They range from light blue to dark olive-brown and have pink to rusty red spots and blotches.

[16] The nests can be predated by the carrion crow (Corvus corone) and the Siberian jay (Perisoreus infaustus).

Brambling's song
Brambling in Pahalgam, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir
Male and female in Poland