The park covers an area of 423.83 square kilometres (163.64 sq mi), with territory distributed by the administrative regions of Brazlândia, Brasília and Sobradinho, in the Federal District and by the municipality of Padre Bernardo, in Goiás.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, the park was protected to provide forested area around the national capital of Brazil.

[3] The park is divided into Intangible, Primitive, Extensive, Intensive, Special and Recuperation zones from the development perspective.

The dry season is from May to September, and in the driest quarter is June, July, and August, when precipitation represents only 2% of the annual total.

[3] Cerrado or upland savanna trees, the dominant vegetation in the central regions of Brazil, form the core area of this park.

[6] The faunal species reported from the park are:[3] maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), bush dog (Speothos venaticus), giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis), giant armadillo (Priodontes giganteus), black howler monkey (Alouatta caraya), forest rabbit (Sylvilagus brasiliensis), Juscelinomys candangus, cavy (Galea spixii), Calhartes burrovianus urubutinga, Mussurana (Portuguese muçurana) and tegu (Tupinambis teguixin).

[6][7] Birds include greater rhea (Rhea americana), red-legged seriema (Cariama cristata), osprey (Pandion haliaetus), king vulture (Sarcoramphus papa), solitary eagle (Buteogallus coronatus), seed finches, Oryzoborus crassirostris, O. angloensis, spotted tinamou (Nothura maculosa), lesser yellow-headed vulture (Cathartes burrovianus), curl-crested jay (Cyanocorax cristatellus), fer-de-lance (Bothrops jararaca), burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia), and toco toucan (Ramphastos toco).