Built in 1768 in a "doubled" style, it is nationally significant as a model for many subsequent Friends Meeting Houses.

[3][4] The first meeting house on the site was built from logs in 1705–1708 by English Quakers, some of the earliest settlers in the area.

[5] A stone schoolhouse was built to the east of the meetinghouse in 1798, and forms the nucleus of the current Buckingham Friends School.

Buckingham's design is a two-cell symmetrical form with roughly equal-sized sections.

Around this time, written Quaker discipline became more standardized, which may have encouraged the two-cell form as a uniform meeting house design.