It leads from Eppelborn, near the city of Lebach in Saarland,[1] eastward to Neusäß near Augsburg in Bavaria.

After a very short strip near Eppelborn leading to the Bundesautobahn 1, the road continues at Pirmasens.

Because the construction of the A 8 through the Pfälzerwald never commenced, the Bundesstraße 10 has to carry the east-west traffic, though plans to upgrade the road to four lanes are underway.

Especially the part in Baden-Württemberg suffers from heavy traffic and high congestion, and there are attempts to improve the traffic situation by upgrading the road.

Originally, the Bundesstraße 10 continued from Augsburg to Munich and then past Traunstein to Freilassing near the Austrian border at Salzburg and, after the Anschluss, past Bad Ischl to Styria.