[citation needed] Bureaucrats play various roles in modern society, by virtue of holding administrative, functional, and managerial positions in government.
[2][3][4] They carry out the day-to-day implementation of enacted policies for central government agencies, such as postal services, education and healthcare administration, and various regulatory bodies.
German sociologist Max Weber defined a bureaucratic official as the following:[12] As an academic, Woodrow Wilson, later a US president, professed in his 1887 article The Study of Administration:[13] But to fear the creation of a domineering, illiberal officialism as a result of the studies I am here proposing is to miss altogether the principle upon which I wish most to insist.
Bureaucracy can exist only where the whole service of the state is removed from the common political life of the people, its chiefs as well as its rank and file.
It would be easy, on the other hand, to adduce other instances like that of the influence of Stein in Prussia, where the leadership of one statesman imbued with true public spirit transformed arrogant and perfunctory bureaux into public-spirited instruments of just government.