The island is located halfway between the islands of Mindoro and Palawan with the South China Sea located to the west and the Sulu Sea to the southeast.

Busuanga Island is known as a recreational diving location due to World War II Japanese wrecks that were sunk by American navy bombings in Coron Bay, a natural anchorage near the town center of Coron, on September 24, 1944.

[1] Part of the North Palawan Block, Busuanga Island consists mainly of the Liminangcong Formation, a Permian to Late Jurassic chert.

[2] Busuanga was known for its tabular manganese deposits found within the chert sequence, 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) thick and extending laterally up to 200 meters (660 ft).

Braunite is the common manganese mineral type found in the ore.[3][4][5]