The 2020 census found 1,455 people in the township.

Located in the southern part of the county, it borders the following townships: Two incorporated villages are located in Butler Township: Castine in the southeast, and part of New Madison in the west.

The unincorporated community of Otterbein lies in the township's southwest.

[5] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[6] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.