Sharp peaks and ridges, divided by deep glacier-filled valleys, are typical features in the range[1] and has been extensively modified by glacial erosion.

While there are no permanent settlements in the Byam Martin Mountains, Inuit from Pond Inlet and elsewhere regularly travel to the range.

In 1974, Dr. George Van Brunt Cochran climbed an unnamed peak west of the Narsarsuk Glacier on the south coast.

In June 1981, another Canadian expedition led by Jack DeBruyn with three other members of the Grant MacEwan Mountain Club from Edmonton, Alberta, traversed the island from northwest to south.

In 1984, another Canadian expedition led by Mike Schmidt and others traversed the island from north to southeast, climbing 28 peaks, with 16 first ascents.