Blowoff valves are used to reduce pressure in the intake system as the throttle is closed, thus preventing compressor surge.
[1] A key function of blowoff valves is to prevent compressor surge, a phenomenon that would otherwise occur as the throttle is closed in a turbocharged engine.
[1][3] This rapid cycle of pressurisation and depressurisation repeats until the compressor has slowed sufficiently or the throttle is re-opened.
A vacuum hose connected to the intake manifold downstream of the throttle provides a reference pressure for the blowoff valve.
Effects of this rich running can include fouling the spark plugs, damaging the catalytic converter, stalling and hesitation when the throttle is opened.