From 1983, Aitimova worked as secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol until 1987, when she became the deputy chair of the Board of the Kazakh Branch of the Lenin Soviet Children's Fund.

On 26 August 2013, by the presidential decree, Aitimova was relieved of the posts of the Representative of Kazakhstan to the UN, ambassador to Cuba and Solomon Islands and was appointed as a Senator.

[13][14] On 12 August 2019, by the Decree of President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, Aitimova was dismissed from the Senate as her term expired after working there for almost six years.

In accordance with the law, deputies of the Senate are appointed by decree of the Head of State, and upon the expiration of their mandate, their powers are terminated.

I am grateful towards Elbasy [Nursultan Nazarbayev], the President [Kassym-Jomart Tokayev], Dariga Nazarbayeva for giving me the opportunity to work at all stages of my career.

[20] In one of his shows, then-comedian Volodymyr Zelenskyy played a clip of her being inarticulate with her speech and commented on it, likening her to Ukrainian Vitali Klitschko.