Cecil Ernest Claude Fischer (9 July 1874 – 19 October 1950) was a botanist born in Bombay to European parents.

Prior to university training, he was educated in Switzerland and England.

His first professional posting in 1895 was in the Indian Forest Service in the Madras Presidency, a province of British India.

From 1925 to 1940 he served as an assistant for India at the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

The Fischer Herbarium at the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu is named in honor of Fischer.