CSX Corporation is an American holding company focused on rail transportation and real estate in North America, among other industries.

Previously based in Richmond, Virginia after the merger, the corporation moved its headquarters to Jacksonville, Florida, in 2003.

CSX Transportation is a Class I railroad operating in the eastern United States and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.

[4] As of December 30, 2016, CSX Transportation served population centers in 23 states east of the Mississippi River, the District of Columbia and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.

The trade name Conrail is a portmanteau based on the company's legal name (Consolidated Rail Corporation), and while it no longer operates trains it continues to do business as an asset management and network services provider in three Shared Assets Areas that were excluded from the division of its operations during its acquisition by CSX Corporation and the Norfolk Southern Railway.

[7] The federal government created Conrail to take over the lines of multiple bankrupt carriers, including the Penn Central Transportation Company and Erie Lackawanna Railway.

Following approval by the Surface Transportation Board, CSX and NS took control in August 1998, and on June 1, 1999, began operating their respective portions of Conrail.

Both CSX and NS have the right to serve all shippers in these areas, paying Conrail for the cost of maintaining and improving trackage.

They also make use of Conrail to perform switching and terminal services within the areas, but not as a common carrier, since contracts are signed between shippers and CSX or NS.

Conrail also retains various support facilities including maintenance-of-way and training, as well as a 51 percent share in the Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad.

It connects with Norfolk Southern at the north end in Winston-Salem, CSX at the south end in Wadesboro,[8] and in between with NS at Lexington and Whitney, the subsidiary High Point, Thomasville and Denton Railroad at High Rock, and the Aberdeen, Carolina and Western Railway at Norwood.

Originally owned jointly by the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad and Norfolk and Western Railway,[9] predecessors to CSX and NS, it was completed in November 1910.

Each primary region is divided into two sub-regions: CSX Corporation was formed on November 1, 1980, by combining the railroads of the former Chessie System with Seaboard Coast Line Industries.

[19] CSX Corporation sold two-thirds of its control of water transport company American Commercial Barge Line in 1998, citing a desire to focus more on rail operations.

As of the same date, CSX held real estate in 23 states, the District of Columbia, and two Canadian provinces.