It is the economic hub of southern Espírito Santo, being the most important producer of marble and granite in Brazil.

Cachoeiro de Itapemirim's first commercial establishment opened in 1853, and in 1889 its first post office and telegram services were begun.

Since it was established by a waterfall, where it would be impossible to continue the journey up the river, it became an important stop for gold prospectors traveling to Minas Gerais.

[citation needed] The railway line to Rio de Janeiro was completed in 1900, allowing both cultural and economical influence from the latter.

This includes crafts and gastronomy, expression of traditions and community lifestyle, and guided tours of the forest.