They are famous for their "Parrandas" (Carnivals) along with Remedios (the neighboring town located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west) and Camajuani.

On August 31, 1873 it was granted the title of Villa and on January 1, 1879 the town council was constituted, with Don Hipólito Escobar Martelo as its first mayor.

Before the war of 1895 the town had obtained a sustained progress, exhibiting such an economic power that it constituted a true astonishment at the time.

Until 1965, the Ciudad Pesquera, the Marcelo Salado neighborhood, multi-family buildings on the beach were built and industry, commerce and the standard of living of the entire population developed.

In the first two decades of the 21st century, the municipality experienced a marked decline, unprecedented since its foundation, due to the economic difficulties that affected the country in general.

Among the most outstanding aspects of this period of decline were the destruction of the historical heritage, the deterioration of infrastructure and the loss of population, especially the young majority, due to emigration to other countries, mainly the United States.

[2] Cayo Conuco is a tiny island located 7 kilometres (4 miles) from Caibarién,[3] which is joined to the mainland by a stone causeway.

[4] It was recently covered only by thin, dry pasture, however native plant species have resumed their original place.