Due to geographical, logistical and historical conditions, it maintains a fluid link with the province of Jaén; mainly commercial, from whom it is 51 km.

From the historical point of view, it has been a town with signs of colonial existence, and presumably pre-Hispanic, but the documented records do not date if not three decades before the independence of Peru.

This district was part of the intendancy of Quito until 1784 (first official record as an existing town), since said territories belonging to Jaén, were within the jurisdiction of the Viceroyalty of New Granada.

During the second decade of the 20th century; in 1924 a popular insurrection broke out against the then government of Augusto B Legía, Callayuc was an important scene at the height and end of that guerrilla movement led by the civilian and hacienda man Eleodoro Benel Zulueta, while the armed movement gave At the beginning, Benel establishes bonds of friendship and familiarity with some Callayujanos.

The confrontation with the national government became more violent and fierce combats took place in the surrounding areas of Callayuc and its annexes, whose actions kept the population in suspense, but while the persecution against the leader increased, he became more defiant, giving place to forced recruitment of men from the area, such coercion was of degree or force, the refusal was seen as treason and therefore executed, causing many human losses, that time is known as "Bandolerismo".

In 1927, countrymen and landowners of the jurisdiction and surrounding areas began to unanimously reject these actions that at the time provided some support, after these scenarios the bandits set fire to the town of Callayuc, in retaliation.

It is in the middle of that year that Santiago Altamirano Molocho, a Callayujano close to the influences of the Leguía regime, and at the same time the guerrilla's compadre, is appointed under the order of the government for the capture of Benel Zulueta.

in the northwest of its territory (Wuissuso Huichus hill) its highest point; up to 690 m.s.n.m (Puerto Chiple) the lowest zone, making its territory a varied region, the typical tropical vegetation of the jungle is abundant and there are areas of fertile valleys in the central part of its territory, in the courses of the Santa Clara, Callayuc rivers, and in the northwest a small beach jurisdiction between the mouth of the Chotano and Chamaya rivers In the northwest, plains of abundant vegetation contrast towards the sectors of Queromarca and Sector el Campo with areas of beaches that do not exceed 1000 meters above sea level in the sectors of Playa Azul, Matara and Puerto Chiple.