In 1900, Edmond Rostand, writer of the play Cyrano de Bergerac, came to Cambo-les-Bains because of his pulmonary disease.

His house, the Villa Arnaga, is now a heritage site and a museum devoted to Rostand's life and Basque architecture and crafts.

Musical instrument inventor Georges Jenny, who devised the Ondioline, died in Cambo-les-Bains in 1975.

Mixel Labéguerie, a doctor and key figure in Basque culture and politics after World War II lived in Cambo.

He was elected mayor of the town for three terms as of 1965, and most notably he is credited as the father figure of the 1960s Basque musical revival.