[4] European settlement of the area dates from 1840, when Arthur Hodgson chose 65,000 acres (26,305 ha) of prime land, which he named Eton Vale.

In 1843 the New South Wales Commissioner of Crown Lands, Christopher Rolleston, carried out a survey and reserved a site on Eton Vale for a township.

It has been suggested it is a rendering of the Aboriginal word yambuya meaning tubers growing in a water hole.

[2] Cambooya was, in its early years, the railway, postal, and general centre of two properties named after two public schools of England, Eton and Harrow.

In 1877, 6,500 acres (2,600 ha) of land was resumed from the Eton Vale pastoral run to establish smaller farms.

[15] By 1912 there were butter an/or cheese factories at Allora, Cambooya, Clifton, Crows Nest, Dalby, Goombungee, Greenmount, Inglewood, Jandowae, Leyburn, Oakey, Pittsworth, Tannymorel, Toowoomba and Warwick.

[16] On Wednesday 6 June 1906 the Cambooya Presbyterian Church was officially opened by the Moderator the Right Reverend James McQueen.

[17] The post office, railway station building and goods shed were destroyed in a fire in the early hours of the morning on 7 July 1908.

Stuart Copeland, Member of Parliament (MP) congratulated the school community for constructing a useful covered area for eating lunches and undercover activities.

As reported in the Darling Downs Gazette, "the church was built by the residents some years ago, and was one of the centres of religious life in that small community.

The foundation stone of the new building was laid on Wednesday 4 November 1914 by Archdeacon Henry Le Fanu, a week before the opening of the new Catholic church.

[24] On Sunday 7 November 1915 the new All Saints Anglican Church was officially dedicated by Archbishop St Clair Donaldson.

[26] On Sunday 9 August 1914 local priest Father O'Connell performed the stamp capping ceremony for the new church.

[28] On Sunday 25 April (ANZAC Day) 1965 a new brick church building was officially opened and blessed by Bishop of Toowoomba William Brennan.

[30] A suburban rail motor service from Toowoomba along the Southern railway line commenced in May 1917, running to Wyreema, 10 miles away.

The Cambooya War Memorial was unveiled on Sunday 9 October 1921 by William Bebbington, the local Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

[33] Ruth Fairfax (Queensland president and founder) referred to the "good work than the association could accomplish among country women, emphasis being laid "on what could be done in Cambooya and district.

It is a 24 feet (7.3 m) high obelisk carved from Helidon freestone featuring sculpted crossed rifles with marble plaques with names inscribed of both those who died and those who served.