Canehill, also known as Cane Hill and Boonsboro, is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Arkansas, United States.

The Cane Hill College began operations in 1834, which led to the rapid growth and development of the community as a center of higher education.

The college and community suffered during the American Civil War, and was bypassed by the railroad, which chose a route through Lincoln.

In 1834, the Cumberland Presbyterians established the first collegiate learning institute in Arkansas, naming it the Cane Hill School, after a nearby geological feature.

The community served as a trading post and regional center for apple orchards to sell crops to merchants from Fort Smith.