[5] Music in homage from these clubs arose; Gene Krupa even composed an entire album named "Teapad Songs Volume 1".
During the 1990s and early 2000s, an important number of "cannabis users associations" appeared in Spain, mostly the Basque country and Catalonia regions.
[13] In their European Cannabis Social Club Guidelines,[14] ENCOD explains:CSCs are characterised by transparency, democracy and non-profitability.
These reports include a full balance of income and expenses in the past fiscal year, according to the rules established for this purpose.
In 2014, Uruguay adopted a law legalizing non-medical cannabis use and production under different dispositions, one of them allowing up to 45 citizens to create a not-for-profit organization to cultivate up to 99 plants and share the harvest among themselves.
However, the law was cancelled a few months after its entry into force,[16] leaving Catalan cannabis social clubs (like in other parts of Spain) in a legal grey zone.
In 2023, relying on this lack of legal certainty, the Mayor of Barcelona initiated a campaign of closure of the city's cannabis clubs.
[20] In South Africa, after a 2019 Constitutional Court ruling decriminalising personal activities, CSCs have unfolded under the name of Dagga Private Clubs;[21] however, they remain in a legally grey area.
Although not legally-regulated as such, an experimental protocol allowing to develop Cannabis Clubs managed by universities, local authorities, research institutes, associations or foundations.
[31] The organization ENCOD claims that CSCs "apply an active policy of prevention of harms and risks and promotion of safer methods of consumption of cannabis by its members"[46] and indeed research findings suggests that CSCs could have positive outcomes in terms of public health,[7][47] although this is not necessarily always the case in practice.
[48] In 2021, a study found "some significant gaps in providing information on risk and harm reduction, in offering health support services for general members and also in applying lab-tests on the actual cannabis being used at the CSC"[49] pointing at the "relationship between organizational and structural factors defining the Clubs and their harm reduction practices" as the underlying cause, as well as the grey legal area and absence of regulations in which the clubs often operate.