Capitosauria is an extinct group of large temnospondyl amphibians with simplified stereospondyl vertebrae.

Mainly living as piscivores in lakes and rivers, the Capitosauria and its sister taxon Trematosauria were the only major labyrinthodonts that existed during the Mesozoic in ecological niches broadly similar to those of modern crocodiles, and some grew to very large sizes.

[2] Capitosauria was first named by Schoch and Milner (2000) and further described by Yates and Warren (2000), who assigned Lydekkerina and Mastodonsauroidea to it.

[6] Below is a cladogram from Fortuny et al. (2011) showing the phylogenetic relationships of capitosaurs:[7] Lydekkerina huxleyi Rhineceps nyasaensis Uranocentrodon senekalensis Wetlugasaurus angustifrons Odenwaldia heidelbergensis Vladlenosaurus alexeyevi Edingerella madagascariensis Watsonisuchus spp.

Quasicyclotosaurus campi Parotosuchus orenburgensis Calmasuchus acri Cyclotosaurus robustus Tatrasuchus wildi Eryosuchus garjainovi Mastodonsaurus giganteus Benthosuchus sushkini Thoosuchus yakovlevi Angusaurus spp.