Late in the war, Robert Esnault-Pelterie licence-built an additional 83 (some sources say only 19) aircraft in France.

The crew of four were placed in an open central nacelle (front gunner, two pilots and rear gunner-mechanic).

The rear gunner manned upper machine guns, standing upon the central engine in a protective "cage" in front of a propeller.

The fixed conventional undercarriage had double mainwheels under each engine and a tailskid under the extreme tail of each boom.

The Ca.1 entered service with the Italian Army in the middle of 1915 and first saw action on 20 August, attacking the Austrian air base at Aisovizza.

Some of the Ca.36Ms supplied after the war were still in service long enough to see action in Benito Mussolini's first assaults on North Africa.