The Serra dos Carajás is in the Amazon deforestation arc at the eastern end of a large forest area in Para.

[3] It covers parts of the municipalities of Canaã dos Carajás, Parauapebas and Água Azul do Norte in the state of Pará.

[5] In March 2012 Vale announced that it had obtained an installation license for the Carajás S11D iron ore project, the largest in the company's history with a US$19.671 billion capital expenditure.

[4] The management plan, prepared jointly by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources and Vale, was approved on 30 April 2004.

[6] Protected species include Uta Hick's bearded saki (Chiropotes utahicki) and the jaguar (Panthera onca).

[3] The proposed South Amazon Ecological Corridor would link the forest to other protected areas and indigenous territories in the region.