He visited the clerical residential schools in Metten und Feldkirch/Vorarlberg and studied laws at the universities Munich, Würzburg and Erlangen.

On 1 November 1891 he married in Moss near Lindau the daughter of count Friedrich zu Moos, Elisabeth countess of Quadt-Wykradt-Isny (11 September 1862 – 16 August 1940).

In 1901 he was awarded for his charitable work by Pope Leo XIII with the grand cross of the Order of St. Gregory the Great.

From 1922 to 1938 he was supervisory board member of the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechselbank, which opposed the Nazi dictatorship.

Carl Ernst Fürst Fugger von Glött died on 25 April 1940 in Kirchheim in Schwaben and is buried there.