It was the birthplace of Pierre Bayle (1647–1706), a Protestant philosopher and writer known for his works on religious toleration and his early encyclopedia.

Originally named Carla-le-Comte, the commune became a center of Protestant activity in the 16th century before the government suppressed it.

He briefly converted to Catholicism, before reverting to the Protestant Reform faith.

A Protestant strong point it was besieged by the royal army and its walls and chateau demolished.

After the monarchy was restored it was renamed Carla-Bayle in honor of Pierre Bayle.