Montenegro Guzmán was a writer and politician who, as chief of police, was accredited with having commanded the actions that led to the deaths of the American outlaws Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, while Quiroga was the daughter of a well-to-do landowning family.

First published on 21 February 1921 with a circulation of 500 copies, the small print headed by Cesáreo Capriles López covered political issues under an individualist anarchist lens, espousing apoliticism, anti-clericalism, and libertarian education.

His work for the outlet caused him to be excommunicated from the Catholic Church the following year on charges of heresy for having referred to Bishop of Cochabamba Francisco Pierini as "motley" and for calling Jesus Christ a figure without "divinity" in one of his publications.

[8] During his time in the General Staff, he cultivated a relationship with the war correspondent Augusto Céspedes with whom he shared a similar political vision and a distaste for the liberal status quo.

The following night, a "Revolutionary Committee" was formed, composed of Montenegro and other left-wing agitators, which occupied and raised the red flag over several government buildings of La Paz.

The rebellion was the culmination of weeks of protests and strikes and resulted in left-wing elements of the military ousting the conservative government of President José Luis Tejada Sorzano.

His increasing demands for a higher degree of socialism, including policies that Toro could not immediately implement due to political circumstances, caused the president to fear that, if left unsatisfied, the man who masterminded the overthrow of Tejada Sorzano might do the same to him.

The president pressured Montenegro to travel to Argentina, where he served as secretary-general and counselor of the Bolivian delegation to the Chaco Peace Conference in Buenos Aires.

During his stay, Montenegro established connections with such figures as the Argentine diplomat Honorio Pueyrredón, the historian Gabriel del Mazo, the socialist Alfredo Palacios, and the writer Ricardo Rojas, as well as the Peruvian politician Luis Alberto Sánchez, with whom he formed a lifelong bond.

Together with La Calle and the newspaper Inti, Busch composed a press organ that could dispute the established interpretation of events alleged by elite-controlled publications for the first time in the country's modern history.

Returning to the center of the political struggle, Montenegro joined with other young socialists: Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Hernán Siles Zuazo, Wálter Guevara, Augusto Céspedes, Germán Monroy Block, and Rafael Otazo.

[15] Realizing the threat posed by this burgeoning movement, the Rosca[a] —assisted by an alliance of traditional political interests under the Concordance banner— enacted a policy of active repression against the MNR's adherents.