[3] The name might have been derived from the Latin Kalendae or Kalends, the first day of the month in the Roman calendar.

Casacalenda borders the following municipalities: Bonefro, Guardialfiera, Larino, Lupara, Montorio nei Frentani, Morrone del Sannio, Provvidenti, Ripabottoni.

Since the end of World War II until the 1970s, the town's population declined considerably due to emigration.

The places of choice for these emigrants were the Canadian cities of Hamilton, Montreal and Toronto.

Cleveland, Ohio and East Greenwich, Rhode Island[4] also have a large population of citizens from Casacalenda.