Castell is located on the western slope of the Mittelgebirge Steigerwald in the district of Kitzingen of the Franconia region.

Its territory borders on that of Oberscheinfeld, located in the neighbouring district of Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim.

[3] Castell borders on (clockwise from the north) Abtswind, Geiselwind, Oberscheinfeld, Iphofen, Wiesenbronn and Rüdenhausen.

Castell was first mentioned in the foundation charter of Megingaudshausen Abbey (later moved to Münsterschwarzach), dated 816.

From 1202, the lords of Castell held the rank of Graf (count), after 1228 with the supplement dei gratia ("by the grace of god").

On the peak known as Herrenberg stood a castle held after 1328 by the Burgraviate of Nuremberg and later by the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach, who also controlled part of the village of Castell.

[4] After the destruction of their castle, the Margraviate of Brandenburg moved their Amt to Kleinlangheim but held on to their half of the village of Castell.

In 1680/84, Graf Wolfgang Dietrich zu Castell-Remlingen [de] (1641-1709) bought back the Brandenburg territory and had a new Baroque palace built by Peter Sommer in 1686–91.

Later it was used as a source of building materials and, in 1818/19, Graf Friedrich Ludwig zu Castell-Castell had the previously treeless Schlossberg turned into an English landscape garden.

[4] During mediatisation, the County lost its role as a sovereign state it had held within the Holy Roman Empire.

Fürstlich Castell’sches Domänenamt [de] produces high-quality wine on a total area of 70 hectares of vineyards.

The current early Neoclassical hall church was built in 1784–92, based on plans by Joseph Albert still showing Baroque influences.

Between 1863 and 1869 Graf Friedrich Ludwig (1791-1875) had the Torbau, the eastern wing and the corner pavilions rebuilt and expanded in Baroque revival style.

Besides trenches and structures below ground, only a stair tower with some attached walls remains today (this dates from the rebuilding in the early 17th century).